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Society of Catholic Worker Circles
(from http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%92uvre_des_cercles_catholiques_d%27ouvriers )
The Society of Catholic Worker Circles (L’Oeuvre des Cercles Catholiques d’Ouvriers) is an association created in 1871 by Count Albert de Mun, one of the founders of the magazine monarchist legitimist named the Catholic Association. The association also included among its founders and leaders René de la Tour du Pin, Felix de Roquefeuil-Cahuzac and Maurice Maignen. These Social Reformers wanted to re-Christianize the people and contribute to the defense of its moral and material interests, to prevent another tragedy like the Paris Commune.
==History==
In 1865, the "Association of Young Workers", founded by Maurice Maignen in 1855, became the "Circle of Young Workers", better known as "Circle Montparnasse", located at 126 boulevard du Montparnasse.〔http://tuisp.online.fr/2004/2004_dumont.pdf Maurice Maignen et la contre-révolution, pensée et action d'un catholique social 1871-1890, Submission by Michèle Cointet, UFR Arts and Humanities Department of History University of Tours in 2004〕 In 1871, the first circle was inaugurated in Lyon, in the district where the Canut revolts occurred, the Croix-Rousse. The circle included many notables of the clergy, the judiciary, and the military. In the second and third circles that started shortly thereafter, the presence of officers became less conspicuous.〔http://museedudiocesedelyon.com/MUSEEduDIOCESEdeLYONcerclesouvriers.htm Les Cercles catholiques d'ouvriers by Henry Ours, The Diocese of Lyon Museum〕 These "Circles", managed by workers, however, remained under the care of persons of the Bourgeoisie and benefactors. By 1878, the association in France grew to a total of 375 clubs, 37,500 workers and 7,600 members of the ruling classes. In Lyon, the circles survived until the early 1930s.〔http://museedudiocesedelyon.com/MUSEEduDIOCESEdeLYONcerclesouvriers.htm Les Cercles catholiques d'ouvriers by Henry Ours, The Diocese of Lyon Museum〕
Despite numerous activities (joint union building, tailors' guild, popular lectures), the association had relatively little influence on the working class. However, it was within it that was born the Catholic Association of French Youth (l’Association Catholique de la Jeunesse Française - ACJF) and "Corporation of Christian Journalists" (Syndicat des Journalistes Français - French Union of Journalists).〔http://museedudiocesedelyon.com/MUSEEduDIOCESEdeLYONcerclesouvriers.htm Les Cercles catholiques d'ouvriers by Henry Ours, The Diocese of Lyon Museum〕 In 1886, magistrate and journalist, Victor de Marolles, became the first president of the French Union of Journalists and created the Journal of the Society of Catholic Worker Circles.
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